Mexico (state)
''The United Mexican States, or Mexico, isfederal republic, comprising 31 states. Onethose statescalled "el Estado de México", or StateMexico. This articleabout that state. The nation's capital, Mexico City,notpart ofStateMexico.
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The StateMexico (often abbreviated"Edomex" from Estado de México) isstate incenter ofnationMexico. Itbounded N. by Hidalgo, E. by TlaxcalaPuebla, S. by MorelosGuerrero,W. by Michoacan. The stateMexico has an area21,461 km square (9247 sq. m.). In 2003state had an estimated populationabout 14,030,000 people. Pop. (1900), 934,468, largely Indian.
A large part ofstate lies within that great depression ofMexican plateau known asValleyMexico. Enclosed within its boundaries, except onsouth, isMexican Federal Districtcapital Mexico Cityan area463 sq. m., whichnot instateMexico, but borderson three sides ofDistrict.
The statedivided into two unequal parts bySierra de AjuscoMontes de las Cruces, which formwooded ridge acrossfrom eastwest, withgeneral elevationabout 10,000 ft. above sea-level, or about 2500 aboveplateau level. These rangespart ofbroken irregular chain which sometimes bearsnameAnahuac.
A considerable part ofnorthern plateau consists ofbroad plain, oncebed ofgreat lake but now covetedswamps, sodden meadowslakes. The surrounding country drains into this depression, but an artificial outlet has been created byopening ofTequixquiac tunnel. Beyond its marginplateau drains westward toPacific throughLerma, aftd north-east toGulf throughSan JuanPanuco.
South ofSierra de Ajuscocountryroughly mountainousdrains toPacific through tributaries ofBalsas.
Withinlacustrine depression ofnorth arelakesZumpango, San Cristobal, Xaltocan, Chalco, Xochimilco,Texcoco,latter three lying partly or wholly inFederal District. Texcoco haslowest levelits waterbrackishundrinkable, though that ofstreams flowing into itofother lakessweet. Lake Xochimilcocelebratedits "floating gardens" or chinampas (see Mexican Federal District).
The principal industries ofstateagricultural, andprincipal productscereals, sugar, maguey (from which "pulque"made), coffee,fruit. Stock-raising has also hadprofitable development, owing toproximity ofnational capital. The manufacturing industriesimportant; amongmanufactures (1900)cottonwoollen fabrics, flour, dairy products, glass-ware, pottery, bricks, winesspirits. The making"pulque" fromsap ofmaguey plant (Agave americana) ischief industry (1900) ofstate, andproductexportedlarge quantities tonational capital.
The state(1900) traversed byCentral, National, Mexican InternationalInteroceanic railways,by short lines fromnational capitalneighbouring towns.
The capitalToluca,other important townsZumpango (pop. 59421900), 30 m. N. ofnational capital, Tenango del Valle (58811900), 15 m. S.E.Toluca,Lerma (estimated, 72001900), nearwestern frontier ofstate. Also instate arecitiesAtenco, Buenavista, Chalco, Chimalhuacán, Coacalco, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Ecatepec, Huixquilucan, Ixtapaluca, López Mateos, Los Reyes, Metepec, Naucalpan, Nezahualcóyotl, Nicolás Romero, Ojo de Água, San Pablo de las Salinas, Texcoco, Tlalnepantla,Xico. Also inStateMexico arePre-Columbian ruins ofcityTeotihuacan.
MunicipalitiesMexico State
Acambay, Acolman, Aculco, Almoloya de Alquisiras, Almoloya de Juárez, Almoloya del Río, Amanalco, Amatepec, Amecameca, Apaxco, Atenco, Atizapán, Atizapán de Zaragoza, Atlacomulco, Atlautla, Axapusco, Ayapango, Calimaya, Capulhuac, Chalco, Chapa de Mota, Chapultepec, Chiautla, Chicoloapan, Chiconcuac, Chimalhuacán, Coacalco, Coatepec Harinas, Cocotitlán, Coyotepec, Cuautitlán, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Donato Guerra, Ecatepec, Ecatzingo, Huehuetoca, Hueypoxtla, Huixquilucan, Isidro Fabela, Ixtapaluca, Ixtapan de la Sal, Ixtapan del Oro, Ixtlahuaca, Jalatlaco, Jaltenco, Jilotepec, Jilotzingo, Jiquipilco, Jocotitlán, Joquicingo, Juchitepec, Lerma, Luvianos, Malinalco, Melchor Ocampo, Metepec, Mexicaltzingo, Morelos, Naucalpan, Nextlalpan, Nezahualcóyotl, Nicolas Romero, Nopaltepec, Ocoyoacac, Ocuilan, El Oro, Otumba, Otzoloapan, Otzolotepec, Ozumba, Papalotla, La Paz, Polotitlán, Rayón, San Antonio la Isla, San Felipe del Progreso, San José del Rincón, San Martín de las Pirámides, San Mateo Atenco, San Simón de Guerrero, Santo Tomás, Soyaniquilpan de Juárez, Sultepec, Tecámac, Tejupilco, Temamatla, Temascalapa, Temascalcingo, Temascaltepec, Temoaya, Tenancingo, Tenango del Aire, Tenango del Valle, Teoloyucan, Teotihuacan, Tepetlaoxtoc, Tepetlixpa, Tepotzotlan, Tequixquiac, Texcaltitlán, Texcalyacac, Texcoco, Tezoyuca, Tianguistenco, Timilpan, Tlalmanalco, Tlalnepantla, Tlatlaya, Toluca, Tonatico, Tultepec, Tultitlán, Valle de Bravo, Valle de Chalco Solidaridad, Villa de Allende, Villa del Carbon, Villa Guerrero, Villa Victoria, Xonacatlán, Zacazonapan, Zacualpan, Zinacantepec, Zumpahuacán, Zumpango
Reference
- This article incorporates text frompublic domain 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica. Please update as needed.
